Total productive maintenance

Total Productive Maintenance is a new way of looking at maintenance, or conversely, a reversion to old ways but on a mass scale. In TPM the machine operator performs much, and sometimes all, of the routine maintenance tasks themselves. This automaintenance ensures appropriate and effective efforts are expended since the machine is wholly the domain of one person or team. TPM is a critical adjunct to lean manufacturing. If machine uptime is not predictable and if process capability is not sustained, the process must keep extra stocks to buffer against this uncertainty and flow through the process will be interrupted.. One way to think of TPM is "deterioration prevention" and "maintenance reduction", not fixing machines. For this reason many people refer to TPM as "Total Productive Manufacturing" or "Total Process Management". TPM is a proactive approach that essentially aims to prevent any kind of slack before occurrence. Its motto is "zero error, zero work-related accident, and zero loss."

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Productive_Maintenance

Tree diagram

The term tree diagrams is used in different ways in different disciplines.
In mathematics and statistical methods, a tree diagram is used to determine the probability of getting specific results where the possibilities are nested.
In physics, a tree diagram is an acyclic connected Feynman diagram.
In linguistics, a parse tree is one way to visually represent the structure of a sentence (see X-bar theory), a syllable, or phonological feature geometry.
In biology: phylogenetics.
A game tree is a tree diagram used to find and analyze potential moves in a game.
A decision tree is used in operations research.

A HyperbolicTree: a visualization method for a graph inspired by hyperbolic geometry.

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_diagram

Affinity diagram

The affinity diagram is a business tool used to organize ideas and data. It is one of the Seven Management and Planning Tools.

The tool is commonly used within project management and allows large numbers of ideas to be sorted into groups for review and analysis.

The affinity diagram was devised by Jiro Kawakita in the 1960s and is sometimes referred to as the KJ Method.

Process
Record each idea on cards or notes
Look for ideas that seem to be related
Sort cards into groups until all cards have been used.

Once the cards have been sorted into groups the team may sort large clusters into subgroups for easier management and analysis. Once completed, the affinity diagram may be used to create a cause and effect diagram.

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affinity_diagram

Operation may refer to:

Scientific operation
Surgery operation
An operation or operator in mathematics (see unary operation, binary operation, arity)
In language, an operation is a word which represents a function (or instruction), rather than a term or name
In computer science, an operation is called an instruction
Military operation, a military action (usually in a military campaign) using deployed forces
Covert operation, a military or political action that is both clandestine and denied by the government undertaking the action
Sting operation, an operation designed to catch a person committing a crime, by means of deception
Business operations, manufacturing operations, operations management
Operations Support Systems used in the telecommunications industry
Operation of law, a legal term that indicates that a right or liability has been created for a part
Anomalous operation, in parapsychology, a term describing a broad category of purported paranormal effects
Musical operations such as transposition, inversion, multiplication, permutation, counterpoint

Operation (game), a battery-operated game of physical skill.

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operations